degree
词频 ★★★★☆
n. 程度；度数；学位；等级
【形近词：】agreement, Greek
【例】[n]学位 2008年阅读Text 1
I struggled a lot to get the college degree.
【参考译文：】我奋力拼搏，以获得大学学位。
形近词
agreement
n. 协定；一致；同意
【例】[n]协定 2008年阅读Text 2
There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements.
【参考译文：】第一种是所谓的大宗协议，在这一协议中机构订阅者通过网站许可协议付费，以获得大批网上期刊的阅读权。
Greek
n. 希腊人；希腊文
adj. 希腊的；希腊语的；希腊人的
【例】[adj]希腊的 2011年完型
Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.”
【参考译文：】古希腊哲学家亚里士多德把笑看作“一种非常有益于健康的身体锻炼”。
concern
词频 ★★★★☆
v. 涉及；关系到；关注
n. 关心；关切；顾虑；忧虑；利害(关系)
【形近词：】concerned, unconcerned
【例】[n]顾虑 2012年阅读Text 2
Certainly, there are valid concerns about the patchwork regulations that could result if every state sets its own rules.
【参考译文：】有人担心如果每个州都设立自己的法规，那么就会缺乏统一的监管。当然，这些担心都是合理的。
【例】[n]顾虑 2014年阅读Text 3
As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed.
【参考译文：】正如《自然》杂志先前曾指出的，对于该如何颁发新的和旧的科学奖项，有些顾虑是合情合理的。
形近词
concerned
adj. 关心的；关注的；有关(方面)的；认为重要的；担心的
【例】[adj]关注的 2014年阅读Text 1
On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness.
【参考译文：】乍一听，这真是位关注社会的财政大臣，他试图让人们的生活变得更好，并在对一个明显有纵容性的体制进行“改革”。该体制使新近失业的人几乎不费力气就能找到新工作，这助长了他们的懒惰。
unconcerned
adj. 不关心的；无关的；无忧虑的
补充词汇
【词组】
concern oneself with：关心
as/so far as ... be concerned：就……来说
allow
词频 ★★★★☆
v. 允许；同意；考虑
【形近词：】shallow
【例】[n]允许 2013年阅读Text 1
In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.
【参考译文：】在过去的十年左右，科技的进步使诸如Zara、H&M和Uniqlo这些面向大众的品牌能更迅速地对潮流做出反应，并且更加准确地预测市场需求。
【例】[n]允许 2013年阅读Text 4
However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.
【参考译文：】然而，法官们说，将允许亚利桑那州警方核实那些受到法律制裁的人(指移民)其身份是否合法。
形近词
shallow
v. 变浅；使变浅
adj. 浅的；肤浅的
补充词汇
【词组】
allow for：考虑到；顾及；允许有
product
词频 ★★★★☆
n. 产品；产物；乘积
【形近词：】production, productive, productivity
形近词
production
n. 生产；产量；产品；作品
productive
adj. 富有成效的；多产的；有益的；具有创造性的
【例】[adj]富有成效的 2009年阅读Text 3
Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.
【参考译文：】只有人类开始用更富有成效的方式来获取食物时，他们才有时间做其他的事。
productivity
n. 生产力；生产率；生产能力
【例】[n]生产力 2009年阅读Text 3
As education improved humanity’s productivity potential, they could in turn afford more education.
【参考译文：】当教育改善了人类的生产潜力，人们进而可以担负得起更多的教育。
补充词汇
【近义词】
invention
n. 发明(物)
level
词频 ★★★★☆
n. 水平；程度；等级，级别
adj. 水平的；平的；平稳的
v. 弄平；铺平；使瞄准；使对准
【形近词：】low-level
【例】[n]等级，级别 2012年阅读Text 4
At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome.
【参考译文：】在州这一级别，他们的影响力甚至有可能更加可怕。
形近词
low-level
adj. 低水平的；低级别的；次要的
【例】低级别的 2007年阅读Text 4
Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety.
【参考译文：】迄今为止，信息保护工作一直是由临时的、底层的信息技术人员承担，并且被认为是诸如银行、电信以及航空等数据丰富的行业所独有的问题，而如今却成为各行业老板议事日程中的首要问题。
补充词汇
【词组】
level off：稳定，呈平稳状态
on the level：真诚；坦率；诚恳
do one’s level best：全力以赴；竭尽所能
effort
词频 ★★★★☆
n. 努力；艰难的尝试
【形近词：】effortless
【例】[n]努力 2013年阅读Text 1
Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.
【参考译文：】尽管多家快时尚公司已经在努力控制其对劳动力和环境的影响(例如H&M推出了环保意识系列服装生产线)，但克莱因认为，长期的改变只能通过消费者来实现。
形近词
effortless
adj. 不费力气的
infer
词频 ★★★★☆
v. 推论；推断
【形近词：】inferiority, inferior, inference
形近词
inferiority
n. 劣势；劣等；下等；次级；自卑情绪，自卑感
【例】[n]自卑情绪，自卑感 2011年翻译
This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.
【参考译文：】这近乎是在为忽视那些有需要的人的行为做辩护，以及为剥削、上层人的优越感和底层人的自卑感所做的一种合理解释。
inferior
adj. 低等的；劣等的；下级的；差的，次的
n. 部下，下属
【例】[adj]差的，次的 2011年阅读Text 1
According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?
[A] They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.
[B] They are easily accessible to the general public.
[C] They help improve the quality of music.
[D] They have only covered masterpieces.
【参考译文：】依据文章，下列哪一项对唱片的描述是正确的？
[A] 它们在质量上通常比现场音乐会差一些。
[B] 它们容易为大众所获得。
[C] 它们有助于改善音乐的质量。
[D] 它们只包括杰作。
inference
n. 推论；推理；推断
补充词汇
【同义词】
deduce
v. 推论；推断
conclude
v. 得出结论；推断出
professional
词频 ★★★★☆
n. 专业人士
adj. 职业的；专业的；专门的
【形近词：】professionalize, professionalization, professionalism
【例】[adj]专业的 2007年阅读Text 1
If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.
【参考译文：】如果那时再关注一下为世界杯和专业球队输送人才的欧洲国家青年队，你会发现这一奇怪现象更加明显。
形近词
professionalize
v. 使……职业化；使……专业化
【例】[n]使……专业化 2011年阅读新题型
Besides professionalizing the professions by this separation, top American universities have professionalized the professor.
【参考译文：】除了通过划分来使专业更加专业化，美国顶尖大学对教授也实行了专业化。
professionalization
n. 专业化；职业化
professionalism
n. 职业水准或特性；职业化；专业化
【例】[n]专业化 2011年阅读新题型
Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969, a third of American professors did not possess one.
【参考译文：】专业化已经使获得博士学位成为学术生涯成功的先决条件。直到1969年，三分之一的美国教授仍然没有博士学位。
provide
词频 ★★★★☆
v. 供给；提供；给予
【形近词：】provided, provider, provision
【例】[n]给予 2014年完型
The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement.
【参考译文：】这一程序会跟踪你的学习进度，并对你的表现和进步给予详尽的反馈。
【例】[n]提供 2011年阅读Text 3
The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.
【参考译文：】同样剧烈的技术变革使营销人员获得了数量更多、种类更广的沟通选择，但同时也增加了风险，因为情绪激动的消费者能够以更迅速、更明显、更具破坏性的方式来表达他们的意见。
形近词
provided
conj. 倘若；只要；假如
provider
n. 提供者；供应者，供应商
【例】[n]供应者；供应商 2011年阅读Text 3
This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further.
【参考译文：】我们认为，虽然这种趋势目前尚处于初级阶段，但它已蓬勃发展于零售商和诸如航空、酒店等旅游供应商，而且无疑会走得更远。
provision
n. 供应；提供；(法律的)条文；条款；规定；准备
【例】[n](法律的)条文；条款 2013年阅读Text 4
Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they _______.
[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers
[B] disturbed the power balance between different states
[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law
[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies
【参考译文：】亚利桑那州的三项条款被推翻是由于_______。
[A] 剥夺了联邦警察的宪法权利
[B] 干扰了不同州之间的权利平衡
[C] 侵犯了联邦移民法的权威性
[D] 与联邦政策和州政策都矛盾
补充词汇
【同义词】
supply
v. 供给；补充
offer
v. 提供；给予
【例】[n]提供 2014年阅读Text 1
You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life.
【参考译文：】现在你已经不再被需要；那个为你的生活提供目标、搭建体系的工作环境，如今也将你排除在外。
challenge
词频 ★★★★☆
n. 挑战；艰巨任务；(对真实性、价值、权威等提出的)怀疑；质疑
v. 挑战；怀疑；质疑(真实性、价值、权威等)
【形近词：】unchallenged
【例】[n]挑战 2009年阅读Text 3
It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system ______.
[A] challenges economists and politicians
[B] takes efforts of generations
[C] demands priority from the government
[D] requires sufficient labor force
【参考译文：】根据文章第一段，建立一个新的教育体系 ______。
[A] 向经济学家和政治学家提出了挑战
[B] 需要几代人的努力
[C] 需要政府给予优先权
[D] 需要充足的劳动力
【例】[v]怀疑；质疑(真实性、价值、权威等) 2012年阅读Text 2
Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not: challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.
【参考译文：】相反，该公司正是做了他们始终承诺不会去做的事。它在联邦法庭上对佛蒙特州的法规是否符合宪法规定提出了质疑，这是其为维持佛蒙特州扬基核电站继续运营所做的孤注一掷的努力。
【例】[n]挑战 2014年阅读Text 4
Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.
【参考译文：】然而，其报告将国会要求其阐明的挑战的广度和深度变得含混不清，因此很可能成为改革的绊脚石。
形近词
unchallenged
adj. 不成问题的；未受到挑战的；未引起质疑的；没有异议的